The effect of intradialytic exercise twice a week on the physical capacity,inflammation, and nutritional status of dialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Inactivity, uremia, and malnutrition in dialysis patients may lead to decreased muscle mass and physical capacity. As a preventative measure, dialysis patients are provided with an intradialytic exercise program. Our study aimed to determine the role of intradialytic exercise performed 2 times per week on physical capacity, inflammation, and nutritional status in dialysis patients and to determine which exercises are more suitable for this population. Methods: A randomized clinical trial in which participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups, i.e., a group of patients performing aerobic exercise, a group of patients performing a combination of aerobic and resistance exercise and the control group. The study was conducted at the Dialysis Unit of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta for 12 weeks from February to May 2018. The inclusion criteria were dialysis patients aged over 18 years who had undergone routine dialysis for over 3 months. Findings: A total of one hundred twenty patients were included in the study. There was a significant increase in lower extremity strength in the group performing aerobic exercise and in the combined exercise group compared to the lower extremity strength of the control group. There was also a significant increase in the physical component score (PCS) of the KDQOL‐SF? instrument in the aerobic training and combination exercise groups compared to the PCS of the control group. No significant differences were found between the combination exercise group and the aerobic training group in any outcome. Discussion: Both types of exercise programs significantly increased the lower extremity muscle strength and the PCS of the quality of life index. Combination exercise was not more effective than aerobic exercise for dialysis patients.     

Study on the influence of maintenance operations on energy consumption and emissions in healthcare centres by fuzzy cognitive maps

The present work is aimed at performing a qualitative analysis of the effect of maintenance intensity on energy consumption, energy costs and emissions in healthcare centres. Most relevant variables involved in the maximization of the building efficiency were determined by means of fuzzy cognitive maps. Twelve variables were observed to show a direct connection to the energy and environmental efficiency as well as to its maintenance condition. The joint effect of these factors was seen to improve the overall performance of the building in terms of efficiency. However, even though maintenance appeared as one of the most highly-rated variables, it did not seem to affect the overall performance by itself, but it was rather due to the synergistic action of the remaining variables. The behaviour of those variables was evidenced to show a significant change for buildings below 1250?m² floor area as compared to those exceeding such threshold value.     

高功率光纤激光器光纤器件封装应力影响研究

高功率激光器无源器件制作过程中封装不当引入的应力,会导致信号光光束质量劣化和光纤温升,为了解决此问题,理论分析了光纤形变对信号光模式分布的影响,利用有限元方法建立包层光导致光纤发热模型,实验研究了不同封装方式对光纤发热情况和信号光光束质量的影响。实验表明,应力导致的光纤形变会造成信号光M2值在受力方向上略微变小而其垂直方向上变大,在输出100 W信号光时,施加应力导致的M2值的变化最高为0.39,与仿真结果相符。在光纤温升方面,相比于使用硬质胶水带来的12 ℃温升,使用硅橡胶封装的剥离器将温升控制在5 ℃以内,且其封装应力引入的M2值的变化在0.05以内。     

一种X煤在首钢的应用实践

针对当前优质炼焦煤资源越来越少，而高炉生产对焦炭质量指标要求越来越高的情况下，对具有低灰、高硫特点的X煤进行了系统的炼焦试验研究。结果发现，在炼焦生产中合理配加5%～8%的X煤不会造成焦炭硫分升高的不利影响，焦炭灰分下降明显，强度保持稳定。该研究成果成功应用于首钢炼焦生产，焦炭各项指标均达标，这不仅扩大了炼焦煤的使用范围，而且在资源使用方面为公司焦炭灰分的降低提供了支持。     

锚杆锯切设备自动化改造技术应用

通过对锚杆锯切设备的设计、改进情况进行总结，详细介绍了自动化改造前后的设备工作原理、结构组成以及各部分工作过程动作描述等内容，根据改造前后的各项数据统计分析，列出了自动化改造后产品质量、生产效率和企业的利润的变化，同时还有设备故障率、工人劳动强度、设备操作人员数量的减少以及工厂生产环境由污染型转变成节能环保型企业等相关内容，展示所取得的有益效果。     

A comparative study on hygroscopic and physiochemical properties of chicken powders obtained by different drying methods

Abstract

Different drying methods (spray drying (SD), vacuum drying (VD), microwave vacuum drying (MVD), and infrared vacuum drying (IFVD)) were applied in order to compare the hygroscopicity behavior of chicken powders. The hygroscopicity curves and glass transition temperature were used to evaluate the influence of ambient humidity and temperature on moisture absorption of powders. The results showed that the chicken powder dried by MVD had the lowest moisture absorption, followed by IFVD, VD, and SD. The hygroscopicity of SD chicken powders was different from other three kinds of chicken powders due to the physical properties of particles and the changes of protein secondary structure as detected by the Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer. For the three vacuum drying methods, the difference of protein secondary structure was the main reason of differences in hygroscopicity. Although MVD chicken powders were slightly inferior to SD chicken powders in taste, MVD chicken powders were the best in terms of smell and color as suggested by instrumental sensory parameter evaluations. It was found that MVD had a positive effect on reducing moisture absorption and maintaining sensory quality of chicken powders.     

大涡模拟Smagorinsky模型用于磨粒流精密加工喷嘴的质量控制研究

为研究固液两相磨粒流加工喷嘴小孔过程中的流场分布、涡旋形成规律及涡旋的存在对磨粒流加工的影响机制，采用Smagorinsky亚格子模型对磨粒流加工喷嘴小孔的流道进行大涡数值模拟，并使用磨粒流对变直径喷嘴工件进行加工试验。数值模拟发现磨粒流流体中磨粒与壁面的碰撞与剪切作用随流体的速度增大而增大，同一截面的速度存在速度差，其中还伴随涡旋的存在；通过试验研究发现：经固液两相磨粒流加工后的喷嘴小孔表面质量得到明显提高，喷嘴经过四次不同入口速度的磨粒流加工后大孔处表面粗糙度Ra由1.24 μm降至0.542 μm，小孔处表面粗糙度Ra由1.21 μm降至0.437 μm。结论显示固液两相磨粒流加工技术可有效提高被加工喷嘴工件的内表面质量，加工时同一截面的速度存在速度差，速度差的存在利于涡旋的形成，涡旋的存在利于提高磨粒流加工过程的剪切作用，有助于获得高质量的喷嘴小孔内通道表面。     

公众素质、外部环境对公众再生水接受态度的影响

公众对再生水的接受态度是再生水推广的关键。构建公众素质、主观规范、信息公开、政策环境、再生水接受态度与再生水接受意愿的关系假设模型,并以356份来自西安市居民问卷作为调研对象,运用结构方程模型进行实证分析。结果表明,接受态度正向影响接受意愿,其中主观规范是影响再生水接受态度的主要因素,信息公开与公众素质是次要因素,政策环境对再生水接受态度的影响不显著。     

Multi-objective particle swarm optimisation based integrated production inventory routing planning for efficient perishable food logistics operations

Sustainable and efficient food supply chain has become an essential component of one’s life. The model proposed in this paper is deeply linked to people's quality of life as a result of which there is a large incentive to fulfil customer demands through it. This proposed model can enhance food quality by making the best possible food quality accessible to customers, construct a sustainable logistics system considering its environmental impact and ensure the customer demand to be fulfilled as fast as possible. In this paper, an extended model is examined that builds a unified planning problem for efficient food logistics operations where four important objectives are viewed: minimising the total expense of the system, maximising the average food quality along with the minimisation of the amount of CO₂ emissions in transportation along with production and total weighted delivery lead time minimisation. A four objective mixed integer linear programming model for intelligent food logistics system is developed in the paper. The optimisation of the formulated mathematical model is proposed using a modified multi-objective particle swarm optimisation algorithm with multiple social structures: MO-GLNPSO (Multi-Objective Global Local Near-Neighbour Particle Swarm Optimisation). Computational results of a case study on a given dataset as well as on multiple small, medium and large-scale datasets followed by sensitivity analysis show the potency and effectiveness of the introduced method. Lastly, there has been a scope for future study displayed which would lead to the further progress of these types of models.